Mixer and Splitter - Revision history

Jian at 05:15, 6 March 2015

2015-03-06T05:15:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:15, 6 March 2015
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	<br>		<br>
	Author: Nicklaus Dotzenrod<sup> [2015] </sup>		Author: Nicklaus Dotzenrod<sup> [2015] </sup>

	Stewards: Jian Gong and Fengqi You		Stewards: Jian Gong and Fengqi You
	<br>		<br>

	== Introduction ==		== Introduction ==
	The production of products from chemical processing plants usually involve a variety of mechanical equipment. Distillation columns, reactors, heaters and condensers are some of the most prominent pieces of equipment utilized at production facilities. Mixers and splitters, however, are equally important and play crucial roles in many different types of processes.		The production of products from chemical processing plants usually involve a variety of mechanical equipment. Distillation columns, reactors, heaters and condensers are some of the most prominent pieces of equipment utilized at production facilities. Mixers and splitters, however, are equally important and play crucial roles in many different types of processes.

Bassman211: /* Gas Mixing */

2015-03-02T04:13:42Z

Gas Mixing

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:13, 2 March 2015
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	Mixers play an important role in many different production processes, at the beginning or at the end. Some processes require several feed streams to be properly mixed before a reaction is commenced in a reactor. Other processes require that final products are blended together. Mixers serve to achieve both of these roles. Materials in all physical states are capable of being mixed together, whether it is gas mixing, liquid mixing, gas-liquid mixing or solid-liquid mixing.		Mixers play an important role in many different production processes, at the beginning or at the end. Some processes require several feed streams to be properly mixed before a reaction is commenced in a reactor. Other processes require that final products are blended together. Mixers serve to achieve both of these roles. Materials in all physical states are capable of being mixed together, whether it is gas mixing, liquid mixing, gas-liquid mixing or solid-liquid mixing.
	=== Gas Mixing ===		=== Gas Mixing ===
	In certain processes, gas to gas mixing is necessary to produce a desire product. This type of mixing is rare, however, as gases have low viscosity making them easy to mix on there own, without the assistance of a mechanical mixer. An example of gas mixing would be the mixing of oxygen, along with other gases to dilute the oxygen to desired compositions. Usually, a long pipe that contains turbulent airflow is sufficient enough to mix gases(Towler and Sinnot, 2012).[[File:gasmixer.jpg\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 1''' Standard 2-Gas Mixer\|150x150px]]		In certain processes, gas to gas mixing is necessary to produce a desire product. This type of mixing is rare, however, as gases have low viscosity making them easy to mix on there own, without the assistance of a mechanical mixer. An example of gas mixing would be the mixing of oxygen, along with other gases to dilute the oxygen to desired compositions. Usually, a long pipe that contains turbulent airflow is sufficient enough to mix gases (Towler and Sinnot, 2012).[[File:gasmixer.jpg\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 1''' Standard 2-Gas Mixer\|150x150px]]

	=== Liquid Mixing ===		=== Liquid Mixing ===

Bassman211 at 04:13, 2 March 2015

2015-03-02T04:13:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:13, 2 March 2015
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	Mixers play an important role in many different production processes, at the beginning or at the end. Some processes require several feed streams to be properly mixed before a reaction is commenced in a reactor. Other processes require that final products are blended together. Mixers serve to achieve both of these roles. Materials in all physical states are capable of being mixed together, whether it is gas mixing, liquid mixing, gas-liquid mixing or solid-liquid mixing.		Mixers play an important role in many different production processes, at the beginning or at the end. Some processes require several feed streams to be properly mixed before a reaction is commenced in a reactor. Other processes require that final products are blended together. Mixers serve to achieve both of these roles. Materials in all physical states are capable of being mixed together, whether it is gas mixing, liquid mixing, gas-liquid mixing or solid-liquid mixing.
	=== Gas Mixing ===		=== Gas Mixing ===
	In certain processes, gas to gas mixing is necessary to produce a desire product. This type of mixing is rare, however, as gases have low viscosity making them easy to mix on there own, without the assistance of a mechanical mixer. An example of gas mixing would be the mixing of oxygen, along with other gases to dilute the oxygen to desired compositions. Usually, a long pipe that contains turbulent airflow is sufficient enough to mix gases.[[File:gasmixer.jpg\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 1''' Standard 2-Gas Mixer\|150x150px]]		In certain processes, gas to gas mixing is necessary to produce a desire product. This type of mixing is rare, however, as gases have low viscosity making them easy to mix on there own, without the assistance of a mechanical mixer. An example of gas mixing would be the mixing of oxygen, along with other gases to dilute the oxygen to desired compositions. Usually, a long pipe that contains turbulent airflow is sufficient enough to mix gases(Towler and Sinnot, 2012).[[File:gasmixer.jpg\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 1''' Standard 2-Gas Mixer\|150x150px]]

	=== Liquid Mixing ===		=== Liquid Mixing ===
	Processes that require the mixing of two liquids are very common in many industries. Several factors should be considered when determining the type of mixer needed including the degree of mixing required, if the process is a batch or continuous operation and the properties of the liquids being mixed. There are several methods by which liquid to liquid mixing can be achieved.		Processes that require the mixing of two liquids are very common in many industries. Several factors should be considered when determining the type of mixer needed including the degree of mixing required, if the process is a batch or continuous operation and the properties of the liquids being mixed. There are several methods by which liquid to liquid mixing can be achieved (Towler and Sinnot, 2012).
	1.'''Inline Mixing''' Inline mixers are static devices that provide a turbulent [[File:108.jpg\|thumb\|right\|none\|'''Figure 2''' Inline Mixing Diagram\|150x150px]] environment that promote the mixing of liquids. They are generally inexpensive and can be used to mix both laminar and turbulent flows. There are several types of inline mixers.		1.'''Inline Mixing''' Inline mixers are static devices that provide a turbulent [[File:108.jpg\|thumb\|right\|none\|'''Figure 2''' Inline Mixing Diagram\|150x150px]] environment that promote the mixing of liquids. They are generally inexpensive and can be used to mix both laminar and turbulent flows. There are several types of inline mixers.

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	=== Gas-Liquid Mixing ===		=== Gas-Liquid Mixing ===
	There are several different types of mechanical mixers used to achieve a homogeneous gas-liquid mixture. Some include inline mixers, stirred vessels and other static mixers. A special device called a ''sparger'' can be used for this type of mixing as well. A sparger is essentially an injection tube with multiple holes in it to disperse gas within a tube filled with a liquid. [[File:sparger.jpg\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 5''' Diagram of a Sparger\|250x250px]]		There are several different types of mechanical mixers used to achieve a homogeneous gas-liquid mixture. Some include inline mixers, stirred vessels and other static mixers. A special device called a ''sparger'' can be used for this type of mixing as well. A sparger is essentially an injection tube with multiple holes in it to disperse gas within a tube filled with a liquid (Towler and Sinnot, 2012). [[File:sparger.jpg\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 5''' Diagram of a Sparger\|250x250px]]

	=== Solid-Liquid Mixing ===		=== Solid-Liquid Mixing ===
	There are times when a process requires a solid to mixed with a liquid. Generally, this is due to the fact the solids are insoluble and need to be transported as a slurry. Often times, stirred tanks are used to mix these physical states. Additionally, a screw conveyor can be used. Typically, this sort of combination is mixed at atmospheric pressure with the completed mixture later being pumped at the process pressure[[File:screw.gif\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 6''' Screw Conveyor Animation\|250x250px]]		There are times when a process requires a solid to mixed with a liquid. Generally, this is due to the fact the solids are insoluble and need to be transported as a slurry. Often times, stirred tanks are used to mix these physical states. Additionally, a screw conveyor can be used. Typically, this sort of combination is mixed at atmospheric pressure with the completed mixture later being pumped at the process pressure (Towler and Sinnot, 2012).[[File:screw.gif\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 6''' Screw Conveyor Animation\|250x250px]]

	== Aspen HYSYS Version 8.0 Simulation for Mixers==		== Aspen HYSYS Version 8.0 Simulation for Mixers==
	Aspen HYSYS software is an easy to use process modeling software that allows users to design efficient systems for industrial applications. HYSYS is capable of simulating many types of equipment that most industrial processes would require, including mixers. Unfortunately, HYSYS is only able to model a generic mixer, and is not able to model a specific model. The mixer used in HSYSY simulates and ideal mixing environment.		Aspen HYSYS software is an easy to use process modeling software that allows users to design efficient systems for industrial applications. HYSYS is capable of simulating many types of equipment that most industrial processes would require, including mixers. Unfortunately, HYSYS is only able to model a generic mixer, and is not able to model a specific model. The mixer used in HSYSY simulates and ideal mixing environment (Aspen HYSYS, 2014).
	===Preparing Simulation Environment===		===Preparing Simulation Environment===
	Before a mixer can be simulated, the HYSYS simulation environment must be prepared. The first step is to pick a ''fluid package''. The package chosen is based on the materials being used and the overall process being simulated. The next step is to choose components. These also, depend on what type of process is being modeled.		Before a mixer can be simulated, the HYSYS simulation environment must be prepared. The first step is to pick a ''fluid package''. The package chosen is based on the materials being used and the overall process being simulated. The next step is to choose components. These also, depend on what type of process is being modeled.

Bassman211 at 02:02, 2 March 2015

2015-03-02T02:02:52Z

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	[[File:material6.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 12''' Finalize Output Stream\|800x800px]]		[[File:material6.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 12''' Finalize Output Stream\|800x800px]]

			== Conclusion ==
			HYSYS does not offer a very comprehensive means of simulating a mixing process, however, it is able to estimate the result of multiple material streams being mixed. The results of a mixing simulation in HYSYS should not be the sole simulation used when designing a process that includes mixing, but it will assist in determining general process dynamics.
	==References==		==References==
	1. G.P. Towler, R. Sinnott, Chemical Engineering Design: Principles, Practice and Economics of Plant and Process Design, Elsevier, 2012.		1. G.P. Towler, R. Sinnott, Chemical Engineering Design: Principles, Practice and Economics of Plant and Process Design, Elsevier, 2012.

	2. Aspen HYSYS. Vers. 8. Bedford: AspenTech, 2014. Computer software.		2. Aspen HYSYS. Vers. 8. Bedford: AspenTech, 2014. Computer software.

Bassman211: /* Finalize Output Stream */

2015-03-02T01:45:15Z

Finalize Output Stream

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:45, 2 March 2015
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	===Finalize Output Stream===		===Finalize Output Stream===
	Once all the input and output streams have been connected to the mixer, go back to the '''Home''' tab and click the '''workbook''' icon as illustrated in Figure 6. The output stream should be specified and should be well mixed representation of streams 1 and stream 2.		Once all the input and output streams have been connected to the mixer, go back to the '''Home''' tab and click the '''workbook''' icon as illustrated in Figure 12. The output stream should be specified and should be well mixed representation of streams 1 and stream 2.
	[[File:material6.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 12''' Finalize Output Stream\|800x800px]]		[[File:material6.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 12''' Finalize Output Stream\|800x800px]]

Bassman211: /* Connecting Mixer */

2015-03-02T01:44:59Z

Connecting Mixer

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:44, 2 March 2015
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	===Connecting Mixer===		===Connecting Mixer===
	Now that the mixer is placed into the simulation environment, it must be connect to input and output streams in order to function. Figure 5 illustrates the necessary steps.		Now that the mixer is placed into the simulation environment, it must be connect to input and output streams in order to function. Figure 11 illustrates the necessary steps.
	#Click the '''Flowsheet/Modify''' tab at the top of the screen.		#Click the '''Flowsheet/Modify''' tab at the top of the screen.
	#Choose the '''Attach''' (paper clip) icon		#Choose the '''Attach''' (paper clip) icon

Bassman211: /* Insert Mixer */

2015-03-02T01:44:38Z

Insert Mixer

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:44, 2 March 2015
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	===Insert Mixer===		===Insert Mixer===
	To add a mixer to the simulation environment, look at the '''Palette''' tool box and find the '''Mixer''' component icon (illustrated in Figure 4). Now, the mixer can be placed onto the simulation environment, ideally near the two input streams already placed.		To add a mixer to the simulation environment, look at the '''Palette''' tool box and find the '''Mixer''' component icon (illustrated in Figure 10). Now, the mixer can be placed onto the simulation environment, ideally near the two input streams already placed.
	[[File:material4.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 10''' Insert Mixer\|800x800px]]		[[File:material4.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 10''' Insert Mixer\|800x800px]]

Bassman211: /* Set Compositions of Streams */

2015-03-02T01:44:21Z

Set Compositions of Streams

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:44, 2 March 2015
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	===Set Compositions of Streams===		===Set Compositions of Streams===
	Set the compositions of the input streams by clicking on the '''Compositions''' tab located at the bottom of the '''Workbook'''. In the example shown in Figure 3, one stream is pure ethanol and one is pure water.		Set the compositions of the input streams by clicking on the '''Compositions''' tab located at the bottom of the '''Workbook'''. In the example shown in Figure 9, one stream is pure ethanol and one is pure water.
	[[File:material3.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 9''' Set Compositions of Streams\|800x800px]]		[[File:material3.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 9''' Set Compositions of Streams\|800x800px]]

Bassman211: /* Creating Input Streams */

2015-03-02T01:43:53Z

Creating Input Streams

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:43, 2 March 2015
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	Before a mixer can be simulated, the HYSYS simulation environment must be prepared. The first step is to pick a ''fluid package''. The package chosen is based on the materials being used and the overall process being simulated. The next step is to choose components. These also, depend on what type of process is being modeled.		Before a mixer can be simulated, the HYSYS simulation environment must be prepared. The first step is to pick a ''fluid package''. The package chosen is based on the materials being used and the overall process being simulated. The next step is to choose components. These also, depend on what type of process is being modeled.
	===Creating Input Streams===		===Creating Input Streams===
	After a fluid package and components have been chosen, steams can be entered into the simulation environment. For the example shown in Figure 1., only two input steams are used.		After a fluid package and components have been chosen, steams can be entered into the simulation environment. For the example shown in Figure 7., only two input steams are used.
	[[File:material.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 7''' Creating Input Streams\|800x800px]]		[[File:material.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 7''' Creating Input Streams\|800x800px]]

Bassman211 at 01:42, 2 March 2015

2015-03-02T01:42:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:42, 2 March 2015
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	=== Liquid Mixing ===		=== Liquid Mixing ===
	Processes that require the mixing of two liquids are very common in many industries. Several factors should be considered when determining the type of mixer needed including the degree of mixing required, if the process is a batch or continuous operation and the properties of the liquids being mixed. There are several methods by which liquid to liquid mixing can be achieved.		Processes that require the mixing of two liquids are very common in many industries. Several factors should be considered when determining the type of mixer needed including the degree of mixing required, if the process is a batch or continuous operation and the properties of the liquids being mixed. There are several methods by which liquid to liquid mixing can be achieved.
	1.'''Inline Mixing''' Inline mixers are static devices that provide a turbulent [[File:108.jpg\|thumb\|right\|none\|'''Figure 1''' Inline Mixing Diagram\|150x150px]] environment that promote the mixing of liquids. They are generally inexpensive and can be used to mix both laminar and turbulent flows. There are several types of inline mixers.		1.'''Inline Mixing''' Inline mixers are static devices that provide a turbulent [[File:108.jpg\|thumb\|right\|none\|'''Figure 2''' Inline Mixing Diagram\|150x150px]] environment that promote the mixing of liquids. They are generally inexpensive and can be used to mix both laminar and turbulent flows. There are several types of inline mixers.


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	2.'''Stirred Tanks''' Stirred tanks are mixing vessels equipped with an agitation device to promote the mixing of liquids. These mixers are quite often used for mixing viscous liquids. There are several types of agitators sued for stirred tanks including turbine impellers, pitched bladed turbine, paddle, anchor and helical ribbon. [[File:stirredtank.png\|thumb\|right\|baseline\|'''Figure 2''' Stirred Tank Diagram\|150x150px]]		2.'''Stirred Tanks''' Stirred tanks are mixing vessels equipped with an agitation device to promote the mixing of liquids. These mixers are quite often used for mixing viscous liquids. There are several types of agitators sued for stirred tanks including turbine impellers, pitched bladed turbine, paddle, anchor and helical ribbon. [[File:stirredtank.png\|thumb\|right\|baseline\|'''Figure 3''' Stirred Tank Diagram\|150x150px]]


	3.'''Side-entering Agitators''' Side-entering agitators are useful for mixing lower viscosity fluids in larger tanks as these sort of tanks are not very compatible for top supported agitators. [[File:side.jpg\|thumb\|center\|none\|right\|'''Figure 3''' Side-Entering Agitator Diagram\|150x150px]]		3.'''Side-entering Agitators''' Side-entering agitators are useful for mixing lower viscosity fluids in larger tanks as these sort of tanks are not very compatible for top supported agitators. [[File:side.jpg\|thumb\|center\|none\|right\|'''Figure 4''' Side-Entering Agitator Diagram\|150x150px]]

	=== Gas-Liquid Mixing ===		=== Gas-Liquid Mixing ===
	There are several different types of mechanical mixers used to achieve a homogeneous gas-liquid mixture. Some include inline mixers, stirred vessels and other static mixers. A special device called a ''sparger'' can be used for this type of mixing as well. A sparger is essentially an injection tube with multiple holes in it to disperse gas within a tube filled with a liquid. [[File:sparger.jpg\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 4''' Diagram of a Sparger\|250x250px]]		There are several different types of mechanical mixers used to achieve a homogeneous gas-liquid mixture. Some include inline mixers, stirred vessels and other static mixers. A special device called a ''sparger'' can be used for this type of mixing as well. A sparger is essentially an injection tube with multiple holes in it to disperse gas within a tube filled with a liquid. [[File:sparger.jpg\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 5''' Diagram of a Sparger\|250x250px]]

	=== Solid-Liquid Mixing ===		=== Solid-Liquid Mixing ===
	There are times when a process requires a solid to mixed with a liquid. Generally, this is due to the fact the solids are insoluble and need to be transported as a slurry. Often times, stirred tanks are used to mix these physical states. Additionally, a screw conveyor can be used. Typically, this sort of combination is mixed at atmospheric pressure with the completed mixture later being pumped at the process pressure[[File:screw.gif\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 5''' Screw Conveyor Animation\|250x250px]]		There are times when a process requires a solid to mixed with a liquid. Generally, this is due to the fact the solids are insoluble and need to be transported as a slurry. Often times, stirred tanks are used to mix these physical states. Additionally, a screw conveyor can be used. Typically, this sort of combination is mixed at atmospheric pressure with the completed mixture later being pumped at the process pressure[[File:screw.gif\|thumb\|center\|'''Figure 6''' Screw Conveyor Animation\|250x250px]]

	== Aspen HYSYS Version 8.0 Simulation for Mixers==		== Aspen HYSYS Version 8.0 Simulation for Mixers==
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	===Creating Input Streams===		===Creating Input Streams===
	After a fluid package and components have been chosen, steams can be entered into the simulation environment. For the example shown in Figure 1., only two input steams are used.		After a fluid package and components have been chosen, steams can be entered into the simulation environment. For the example shown in Figure 1., only two input steams are used.
	[[File:material.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 6''' Creating Input Streams\|800x800px]]		[[File:material.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 7''' Creating Input Streams\|800x800px]]

	===Specify Input Streams===		===Specify Input Streams===
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	#Click the '''Workbook''' tab at the top of the screen.		#Click the '''Workbook''' tab at the top of the screen.
	#Specify all known conditions of the input streams.		#Specify all known conditions of the input streams.
	[[File:material2.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 7''' Specify Input Streams\|800x800px]]		[[File:material2.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 8''' Specify Input Streams\|800x800px]]

	===Set Compositions of Streams===		===Set Compositions of Streams===
	Set the compositions of the input streams by clicking on the '''Compositions''' tab located at the bottom of the '''Workbook'''. In the example shown in Figure 3, one stream is pure ethanol and one is pure water.		Set the compositions of the input streams by clicking on the '''Compositions''' tab located at the bottom of the '''Workbook'''. In the example shown in Figure 3, one stream is pure ethanol and one is pure water.
	[[File:material3.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 8''' Set Compositions of Streams\|800x800px]]		[[File:material3.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 9''' Set Compositions of Streams\|800x800px]]

	===Insert Mixer===		===Insert Mixer===
	To add a mixer to the simulation environment, look at the '''Palette''' tool box and find the '''Mixer''' component icon (illustrated in Figure 4). Now, the mixer can be placed onto the simulation environment, ideally near the two input streams already placed.		To add a mixer to the simulation environment, look at the '''Palette''' tool box and find the '''Mixer''' component icon (illustrated in Figure 4). Now, the mixer can be placed onto the simulation environment, ideally near the two input streams already placed.
	[[File:material4.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 9''' Insert Mixer\|800x800px]]		[[File:material4.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 10''' Insert Mixer\|800x800px]]

	===Connecting Mixer===		===Connecting Mixer===
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	#Click and drag the two input streams and connect them to the mixer		#Click and drag the two input streams and connect them to the mixer
	#Click the output side of the mixer and drag out an output stream		#Click the output side of the mixer and drag out an output stream
	[[File:material5.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 10''' Connecting Mixer\|800x800px]]		[[File:material5.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 11''' Connecting Mixer\|800x800px]]

	===Finalize Output Stream===		===Finalize Output Stream===
	Once all the input and output streams have been connected to the mixer, go back to the '''Home''' tab and click the '''workbook''' icon as illustrated in Figure 6. The output stream should be specified and should be well mixed representation of streams 1 and stream 2.		Once all the input and output streams have been connected to the mixer, go back to the '''Home''' tab and click the '''workbook''' icon as illustrated in Figure 6. The output stream should be specified and should be well mixed representation of streams 1 and stream 2.
	[[File:material6.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 11''' Finalize Output Stream\|800x800px]]		[[File:material6.jpg\|thumb\|none\|'''Figure 12''' Finalize Output Stream\|800x800px]]

	==References==		==References==