Process flow diagram - Revision history

Tammywong2015: /* Stream Information */

2015-03-02T05:13:16Z

Stream Information

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:13, 2 March 2015
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	For a larger PFD, it is essential to list the stream name on the first row and the essential information about the stream on the first column. This table is usually located below the process flow diagram for easy access and reference.		For a larger PFD, it is essential to list the stream name on the first row and the essential information about the stream on the first column. This table is usually located below the process flow diagram for easy access and reference.


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Tammywong2015: /* Symbols for Process Technology */

2015-03-02T05:12:21Z

Symbols for Process Technology

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	===Symbols for Process Technology===		===Symbols for Process Technology===
	For process equipment, there are a few standard symbols that should be recognized by chemical engineers Typically, these symbols correlate to the ones on the Microsoft Visio Engineering package that can be used to create process flow diagrams. In the next few sections, the figures will display various symbols that are used for the process flow diagrams. Figure 1 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013) displays typical process equipment - notables ones that should be recognized because they are relevant to this class are the symbols for the vertical and horizontal vessel, the packed column and the trayed column. For the typical information that follows the process equipment, refer to [[Process flow diagram#Equipment Information \| "Equipment Information"]].		For process equipment, there are a few standard symbols that should be recognized by chemical engineers. Typically, these symbols correlate to the ones on the Microsoft Visio Engineering package that can be used to create process flow diagrams. In the next few sections, the figures will display various symbols that are used for the process flow diagrams. Figure 1 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013) displays typical process equipment - notables ones that should be recognized because they are relevant to this class are the symbols for the vertical and horizontal vessel, the packed column and the trayed column. For the typical information that follows the process equipment, refer to [[Process flow diagram#Equipment Information \| "Equipment Information"]].

	[[File:PFD1.jpg\|center\|frame\|Figure 1: Various symbols for reactors, vessels and tanks (Towler and Sinnott, 2012)]]		[[File:PFD1.jpg\|center\|frame\|Figure 1: Various symbols for reactors, vessels and tanks (Towler and Sinnott, 2012)]]

Tammywong2015: /* Example 1: Polymer Production */

2015-03-02T05:07:56Z

Example 1: Polymer Production

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:07, 2 March 2015
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	A new process flow diagram was created in order to avoid the clutter of this first process flow diagram. Note that the streams that are labeled are just the numbers, with their stream information detailed in a separate table (Table 7).		A new process flow diagram was created in order to avoid the clutter of this first process flow diagram. Note that the streams that are labeled are just the numbers, with their stream information detailed in a separate table (Table 7).

	[[File:Untitled1.png]]		[[File:Untitled1.png\|center\|frame\|Figure 5: Revised Process Flow Diagram Documenting Polymer Production (Towler and Sinnott, 2013)]]

	~~Figure 5: Revised Process Flow Diagram Documenting Polymer Proudction~~

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Tammywong2015: /* Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process */

2015-03-02T05:06:59Z

Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:06, 2 March 2015
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	In Figure 5 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), air enters a filter while ammonia enters a vaporiser to eventually combine in a reactor and form nitric acid. Each stream is labeled with a number and the compositions of the streams are labeled in a separate table. Additionally, in the separate table that follows directly below the PFD (standard convention), the pressures and temperatures of the streams are also listed. The one improvement on this PFD that can be made is to name the equipment with the nomenclature detailed in [[Process flow diagram#Naming Equipment \| "Naming Equipment"]] and define those names on a separate table instead of writing the name of the equipment on the PFD. This way, there is less clutter on the PFD and it may be easier to follow along when all the names of the equipment are placed on the same table.		In Figure 5 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), air enters a filter while ammonia enters a vaporiser to eventually combine in a reactor and form nitric acid. Each stream is labeled with a number and the compositions of the streams are labeled in a separate table. Additionally, in the separate table that follows directly below the PFD (standard convention), the pressures and temperatures of the streams are also listed. The one improvement on this PFD that can be made is to name the equipment with the nomenclature detailed in [[Process flow diagram#Naming Equipment \| "Naming Equipment"]] and define those names on a separate table instead of writing the name of the equipment on the PFD. This way, there is less clutter on the PFD and it may be easier to follow along when all the names of the equipment are placed on the same table.

	[[File:PFD2.jpg]]		[[File:PFD2.jpg\|center\|frame\|Figure 6: Process Flow Diagram Detailing the Nitric Acid Process (Towler and Sinnott, 2013)]]

	Figure 5: Process Flow Diagram Detailing the Nitric Acid Process

	==Conclusion==		==Conclusion==

Tammywong2015: /* Example 1: Polymer Production */

2015-03-02T05:06:06Z

Example 1: Polymer Production

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:06, 2 March 2015
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	Combining all of the information from the previous sections, we can now create and understand a full process flow diagram. In the following figure about polymer production (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), the PFD contains a few pieces of equipment so that the corresponding streams can be placed on the figure itself instead of on a separate table. Please note that all streams are labeled with the temperature, the flow rate and amount of each composition, and on a separate table, all of the equipment is clearly defined with their names. One improvement that can be made to this PFD is to be more detailed in the separate table and to include a description of the equipment.		Combining all of the information from the previous sections, we can now create and understand a full process flow diagram. In the following figure about polymer production (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), the PFD contains a few pieces of equipment so that the corresponding streams can be placed on the figure itself instead of on a separate table. Please note that all streams are labeled with the temperature, the flow rate and amount of each composition, and on a separate table, all of the equipment is clearly defined with their names. One improvement that can be made to this PFD is to be more detailed in the separate table and to include a description of the equipment.

	[[File:PFDE1.jpg]]		[[File:PFDE1.jpg\|center\|frame\|Figure 4: Process Flow Diagram Documenting Polymer Production (small process) (Towler and Sinnott, 2013)]]

	~~Figure 4: Process Flow Diagram Documenting Polymer Production (small process)~~

	A new process flow diagram was created in order to avoid the clutter of this first process flow diagram. Note that the streams that are labeled are just the numbers, with their stream information detailed in a separate table (Table 7).		A new process flow diagram was created in order to avoid the clutter of this first process flow diagram. Note that the streams that are labeled are just the numbers, with their stream information detailed in a separate table (Table 7).

Tammywong2015: /* Symbols for Fluid Handling Equipment */

2015-03-02T05:05:35Z

Symbols for Fluid Handling Equipment

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:05, 2 March 2015
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	In a process, some streams may have difficulty moving from one process equipment to another. Therefore, the placement of fluid handling equipment in between streams can help facilitate this process. In Figure 3 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), various symbols are displayed for fluid handling equipment. Notable equipment that we will use for this class include the centrifugal pumps, axial or centrifugal compressor, and the turbine. In addition to placing this equipment on the process flow diagrams, a separate table should list the name of this equipment, a description of the type of equipment, and the amount of power supplied to the machinery.		In a process, some streams may have difficulty moving from one process equipment to another. Therefore, the placement of fluid handling equipment in between streams can help facilitate this process. In Figure 3 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), various symbols are displayed for fluid handling equipment. Notable equipment that we will use for this class include the centrifugal pumps, axial or centrifugal compressor, and the turbine. In addition to placing this equipment on the process flow diagrams, a separate table should list the name of this equipment, a description of the type of equipment, and the amount of power supplied to the machinery.

	[[File:PFD4.png]]		[[File:PFD4.png\|center\|frame\|Figure 3: Various symbols for fluid handling equipment (Towler and Sinnott, 2013)]]

	Figure 3: Various symbols for

	===Utility Streams in Process Topology===		===Utility Streams in Process Topology===

Tammywong2015: /* Symbols for Heat Exchanger Equipment */

2015-03-02T05:03:52Z

Symbols for Heat Exchanger Equipment

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:03, 2 March 2015
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	In addition to the process equipment symbols, there will be heat exchanger equipment that are essential to process flow diagrams. Notable symbols that are relevant to this class include the basic heat exchanger symbols, the shell and tube exchangers, the kettle reboiler, the U-tube exchanger, and heating coils. Other heat exchanger equipment are listed in Figure 2. (Towler and Sinnott, 2013) Typical information that follows heat exchanger equipment are the utility streams that enter and exit the heat exchanger, the pressures, temperature, and the duties.		In addition to the process equipment symbols, there will be heat exchanger equipment that are essential to process flow diagrams. Notable symbols that are relevant to this class include the basic heat exchanger symbols, the shell and tube exchangers, the kettle reboiler, the U-tube exchanger, and heating coils. Other heat exchanger equipment are listed in Figure 2. (Towler and Sinnott, 2013) Typical information that follows heat exchanger equipment are the utility streams that enter and exit the heat exchanger, the pressures, temperature, and the duties.

	[[File:PFD3.png]]		[[File:PFD3.png\|center\|frame\|Figure 2: Various symbols for heat exchanger equipment (Towler and Sinnott, 2013)]]

	Figure 2: Various symbols for heat exchanger equipment

	===Symbols for Fluid Handling Equipment===		===Symbols for Fluid Handling Equipment===

Tammywong2015: /* Symbols for Process Technology */

2015-03-02T05:02:18Z

Symbols for Process Technology

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:02, 2 March 2015
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	For process equipment, there are a few standard symbols that should be recognized by chemical engineers Typically, these symbols correlate to the ones on the Microsoft Visio Engineering package that can be used to create process flow diagrams. In the next few sections, the figures will display various symbols that are used for the process flow diagrams. Figure 1 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013) displays typical process equipment - notables ones that should be recognized because they are relevant to this class are the symbols for the vertical and horizontal vessel, the packed column and the trayed column. For the typical information that follows the process equipment, refer to [[Process flow diagram#Equipment Information \| "Equipment Information"]].		For process equipment, there are a few standard symbols that should be recognized by chemical engineers Typically, these symbols correlate to the ones on the Microsoft Visio Engineering package that can be used to create process flow diagrams. In the next few sections, the figures will display various symbols that are used for the process flow diagrams. Figure 1 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013) displays typical process equipment - notables ones that should be recognized because they are relevant to this class are the symbols for the vertical and horizontal vessel, the packed column and the trayed column. For the typical information that follows the process equipment, refer to [[Process flow diagram#Equipment Information \| "Equipment Information"]].

	[[File:PFD1.jpg]]		[[File:PFD1.jpg\|center\|frame\|Figure 1: Various symbols for reactors, vessels and tanks (Towler and Sinnott, 2012)]]

	Figure 1: Various symbols for reactors, vessels and tanks

	===Symbols for Heat Exchanger Equipment===		===Symbols for Heat Exchanger Equipment===

Tammywong2015: /* Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process */

2015-03-02T05:00:38Z

Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:00, 2 March 2015
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	===Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process===		===Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process===
	In ~~the following figure~~ (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), air enters a filter while ammonia enters a vaporiser to eventually combine in a reactor and form nitric acid. Each stream is labeled with a number and the compositions of the streams are labeled in a separate table. Additionally, in the separate table that follows directly below the PFD (standard convention), the pressures and temperatures of the streams are also listed. The one improvement on this PFD that can be made is to name the equipment with the nomenclature detailed in [[Process flow diagram#Naming Equipment \| "Naming Equipment"]] and define those names on a separate table instead of writing the name of the equipment on the PFD. This way, there is less clutter on the PFD and it may be easier to follow along when all the names of the equipment are placed on the same table.		In Figure 5 (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), air enters a filter while ammonia enters a vaporiser to eventually combine in a reactor and form nitric acid. Each stream is labeled with a number and the compositions of the streams are labeled in a separate table. Additionally, in the separate table that follows directly below the PFD (standard convention), the pressures and temperatures of the streams are also listed. The one improvement on this PFD that can be made is to name the equipment with the nomenclature detailed in [[Process flow diagram#Naming Equipment \| "Naming Equipment"]] and define those names on a separate table instead of writing the name of the equipment on the PFD. This way, there is less clutter on the PFD and it may be easier to follow along when all the names of the equipment are placed on the same table.

	[[File:PFD2.jpg]]		[[File:PFD2.jpg]]

Tammywong2015: /* Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process */

2015-03-02T05:00:20Z

Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:00, 2 March 2015
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	===Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process===		===Example 2: Simplified Nitric Acid Process===
	In the following figure, air enters a filter while ammonia enters a vaporiser to eventually combine in a reactor and form nitric acid. Each stream is labeled with a number and the compositions of the streams are labeled in a separate table. Additionally, in the separate table that follows directly below the PFD (standard convention), the pressures and temperatures of the streams are also listed. The one improvement on this PFD that can be made is to name the equipment with the nomenclature detailed in [[Process flow diagram#Naming Equipment \| "Naming Equipment"]] and define those names on a separate table instead of writing the name of the equipment on the PFD. This way, there is less clutter on the PFD and it may be easier to follow along when all the names of the equipment are placed on the same table. ~~(Towler and Sinnott, 2013)~~		In the following figure (Towler and Sinnott, 2013), air enters a filter while ammonia enters a vaporiser to eventually combine in a reactor and form nitric acid. Each stream is labeled with a number and the compositions of the streams are labeled in a separate table. Additionally, in the separate table that follows directly below the PFD (standard convention), the pressures and temperatures of the streams are also listed. The one improvement on this PFD that can be made is to name the equipment with the nomenclature detailed in [[Process flow diagram#Naming Equipment \| "Naming Equipment"]] and define those names on a separate table instead of writing the name of the equipment on the PFD. This way, there is less clutter on the PFD and it may be easier to follow along when all the names of the equipment are placed on the same table.

	[[File:PFD2.jpg]]		[[File:PFD2.jpg]]